Some common knowledge about slurry pumps
Release time:
2022-03-09
Source:
According to relevant statistical data, equipment failures caused by the vibration of slurry pumps account for 74% of slurry pump failures. During the operation of the pump, the centrifugal force increases the load on the bearings. Vibration that exceeds the allowable range for slurry pumps will prematurely damage the lubricating oil film on the surface of the bearing balls. As a result, the bearings do not receive effective lubrication and cooling, leading to an increase in bearing temperature and faster damage.
According to relevant data statistics, equipment failures caused by the vibration of slurry pumps account for 74% of slurry pump failures. During the operation of the pump, the centrifugal force increases the load on the bearings. Vibration that exceeds the allowable range for slurry pumps will prematurely damage the lubricating oil film on the surface of the bearing balls, preventing effective lubrication and cooling of the bearings, leading to increased bearing temperature and faster damage.
The impact of slurry pump vibration on the lifespan of mechanical seals is less than that on bearings, but it is still a major cause of mechanical seal failure. To improve the working efficiency of centrifugal pumps, the gaps between components such as impellers, front/rear wear plates, and volutes in the pump chamber are designed to be small. (Under the same conditions, smaller gaps result in higher pump efficiency.) Vibration can cause displacement of the pump drive shaft and wobbling of the shaft head, causing significant damage to components within the pump chamber, and may also lead to collisions or wear between wear plates and impellers, resulting in damage to some spare parts.
The vibration of slurry pumps generates additional friction losses and uneven centrifugal forces, which not only reduce the stability of pump operation but also decrease operational efficiency. While performing the same work, it increases the pump's useless work, resulting in higher power consumption.
For the drive shaft of a slurry pump, the shaft not only drives rotation but also stabilizes the impeller's operation at a fixed position. The vibration of the pump causes unbalanced centrifugal forces on the impeller, keeping the impeller at the shaft end in a state of unbalanced loading, leading to excessive stress on the shaft. Long-term operation inevitably leads to metal fatigue and shaft breakage.
The phenomenon of vibration in slurry pumps will not disappear; it can only be mitigated through effective treatment measures. For slurry pumps to operate stably over a long period, more reasonable selection and standardized operation are required. At the same time, vibration is a double-edged sword; it can cause more severe failures but can also help detect and diagnose equipment issues in a timely manner based on changes in pump vibration. The working conditions and environment for slurry pumps are generally harsh, leading to a higher failure rate; thus, it is necessary to choose equipment with higher specifications while ensuring good working conditions during material feeding.
During operation, centrifugal pumps can experience localized cavitation, especially under insufficient feeding conditions, which exacerbates cavitation and pump vibration. The short-term vibrations caused by cavitation are due to uneven liquid distribution within the pump chamber. Stabilizing the feed to the centrifugal pump or adjusting the outlet valve's pump speed can effectively eliminate pump vibrations; however, long-term cavitation can cause uneven damage to the impeller, resulting in unmanageable vibrations.
The above are some knowledge points about slurry pumps; I hope they can help everyone.
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