Analysis of the causes of slurry pump vibration
Release time:
2022-02-22
Source:
Centrifugal slurry pumps are common general machinery used in power plants, mines, metallurgy, environmental protection, and chemical industries. During operation, due to the working conditions of the slurry pump and the characteristics of the pump itself, vibrations often occur for various reasons, and these vibrations can exacerbate the occurrence of failures. Analyzing the causes of slurry pump vibrations allows for the diagnosis of pump failures based on vibration conditions and further processing to prevent more equipment failures caused by equipment vibrations.
Centrifugal slurry pumps are common general mechanical equipment in the production processes of power plants, mines, metallurgy, environmental protection, and chemical industries. During use, due to the working conditions of the slurry pump and the characteristics of the pump itself, vibrations often occur for various reasons, and these vibrations exacerbate the occurrence of failures. Analyzing the causes of slurry pump vibrations, judging the pump's faults based on vibration conditions, and taking further action can prevent more equipment failures caused by equipment vibrations.
Analysis of the causes of slurry pump vibrations:
1. Imbalance fault of the impeller
The centrifugal force generated by an unbalanced impeller always acts on the slurry pump, causing severe unbalanced torque. At this point, it will be observed that the vibration amplitude gradually increases from the motor end to the pump body end.
2. Vibration faults caused by coupling
Vibrations caused by couplings are relatively common in slurry pumps, especially with rigidly connected couplings. The vibrations of the motor and pump cause resonance in the coupling drive, leading to increased vibrations. Although coupling faults can also cause pump vibrations, they are much smaller than those caused by impeller faults.
3. Vibration caused by loose fastening bolts
Even if the equipment is operating well, there is still a phenomenon of 'micro-vibration.' In this micro-vibration state, after a period of operation, bolts in areas such as the pump body, bearing seat, and foundation may loosen to some extent. Once the bolts loosen due to loss of constraint, the pump's vibrations will increase. Sometimes tightened bolts may not be retightened in time after loosening, further increasing vibrations and leading to further loosening and wear of the bolts, creating a vicious cycle that ultimately leads to more slurry pumps failing.
4. Faults caused by bearing wear or insufficient lubrication
The lifespan of bearings is directly related to the operating environment and lubrication conditions, while oil leakage is a common issue with slurry pumps. Although the vibration is small, its harm to equipment is significant. Additionally, since many bearing supports in slurry pumps use labyrinth seals, this sealing can ensure that lubricating oil does not leak but cannot guarantee that external impurities do not enter the bearings, making them susceptible to contamination and wear from outside sources.
5. Equipment failure caused by unstable feeding
Generally, the working conditions for slurry pumps are quite harsh; most slurry pumps are classified as high-flow pumps. During the slurry transport process, large impurities in the slurry inevitably affect feeding and can even block the flow path of the slurry pump. When feeding is unstable or insufficient for the slurry pump, severe cavitation occurs within the pump chamber, significantly affecting the balance of the impeller inside the chamber. This not only generates vibrations but also severely harms the equipment.
The above are some knowledge points about slurry pumps; I hope they can help everyone use slurry pumps correctly.
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