What is the working principle of a single suction pump and how can its efficiency be improved?
Release time:
2021-12-24
Source:
The working principle of a single suction pump: When the single suction pump starts, the pump shaft drives the impeller through high-speed rotational motion, causing the liquid pre-filled between the blades to rotate. Under the action of inertial centrifugal force, the liquid moves radially outward from the center of the impeller. During the movement of the liquid flowing through the impeller, it gains energy, resulting in an increase in static pressure and flow velocity. After leaving the impeller and entering the pump casing, the flow path inside the casing gradually widens, slowing down the speed, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, which then flows into the discharge pipeline in a tangential direction. As the impeller continues to operate, liquid is continuously drawn in and discharged. The mechanical energy obtained by the liquid from the single suction pump is manifested as static pressure energy.
The working principle of a single suction pump: When the single suction pump starts, the pump shaft drives the impeller through high-speed rotational motion, pre-filling the liquid between the blades to rotate. Under the action of inertial centrifugal force, the liquid moves radially outward from the center of the impeller. During the flow of liquid in the impeller, energy is gained, static pressure increases, and flow velocity rises. After leaving the impeller and entering the pump casing, the flow path inside the casing gradually widens, slowing down the speed, with some kinetic energy converted into static pressure energy, then flowing into the discharge pipeline in a tangential direction. With continuous operation of the impeller, liquid is continuously sucked in and discharged. The mechanical energy obtained by the liquid from the single suction pump is manifested as an increase in static pressure energy. Methods to improve the efficiency of single suction pumps:
1. Use of polymer composite materials
The water flowing inside the pump during operation is affected by friction with the flow path and the surface of the pump impeller, as well as by the viscosity of water itself. The energy consumed by the pump is mainly used to resist frictional forces on the water surface and vortex resistance. The energy consumed during water flow is used to overcome internal friction and friction between water and equipment interfaces. When the surfaces of pumps and impellers are smooth, surface resistance is low. With low energy consumption, applying polymer composite materials on the pump flow surface and impeller forms a hydrodynamically smooth surface; this very smooth surface coating has a surface finish 20 times that of polished stainless steel. This smooth surface reduces layers of fluid within the pump, decreases turbulence inside the pump, reduces volumetric loss and hydraulic loss within the pump, thereby lowering power consumption. This achieves a reduction in water flow resistance loss, which can improve both hydraulic efficiency and to some extent mechanical efficiency and volumetric efficiency.
The density of the coating's molecular structure can cut off contact between air, water, and other media with the base material of the pump impeller, minimizing electrochemical corrosion and wear. Additionally, polymer composites are essentially high polymer materials that possess chemical resistance, enhancing corrosion resistance and significantly improving resistance to erosion and corrosion.
2. Use new sealing technologies
During operation, a single suction pump experiences some energy loss, including mechanical wear, volumetric loss, and hydraulic loss. Mechanical loss refers to friction from sleeve seals, bearing friction, and friction between impeller surfaces and liquids. Using Blu-Goo super lubricant can reduce sleeve seal friction and bearing friction, thereby improving pump efficiency and reducing energy consumption.
It is a versatile special inert material primarily used to reduce contact between metals. This product is also an excellent gearbox additive that can form a film on internal parts to reduce friction, gear noise, and leakage. Additionally, it can significantly reduce torque stress to meet power reduction needs for use on gasket surfaces or as a filler supplement to prevent fluid leakage through sealing. It can be applied at temperatures up to 316.
Single suction pump
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